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Science

Essays and videos exploring physics, evolution, cosmology and other frontiers in science
Photo of a galaxy with a bright centre emitting a blue jet of energy against a background of numerous stars in space.

essay

Cosmology

Stars behaving absurdly

For centuries, the only way in which to illuminate the mysteries of black holes was through the power of mathematics

Steve Nadis & Shing-Tung Yau

Close-up of two black optical devices with visible yellow light inside the lenses, set against a blurry background.

video

Physics

What does it look like to hunt for dark matter? Scenes from one frontier in the search

7 minutes

Abstract black-and-white image featuring a spherical shape at the centre surrounded by an intricate web of swirling, crisscrossing lines, creating a three-dimensional effect. The background is dark, enhancing the contrast and emphasising the white lines and central sphere.

video

Physics

Imagining spacetime as a visible grid is an extraordinary journey into the unseen

12 minutes

A woman with brown hair wearing a dark blazer and light-coloured top is speaking, gesturing with her hand. The background is out-of-focus greenery.

video

Cosmology

Tiny, entangled universes that form or fizzle out – a theory of the quantum multiverse

11 minutes

Illustration of a man in a suit, looking down, with a background of indistinct figures in a hallway. The colours are muted, creating a sombre atmosphere.

video

Cosmology

The Indian astronomer whose innovative work on black holes was mocked at Cambridge

13 minutes

An elongated, rocky interstellar object travelling through space with stars in the background, emitting a faint, translucent tail.

video

Astronomy

Seven years later, what can we make of our first confirmed interstellar visitor?

59 minutes

Dark, craggy surface of a moon or planet with bright geysers or plumes of light erupting into space from its horizon, against a dark background.

essay

Astronomy

Panspermia

It’s possible that frozen worlds with subterranean oceans are incubators of organic life. But then how did life get here?

Balazs Bradak

A vibrant image of the Ring Nebula in narrowband, featuring a central blue core surrounded by green, yellow and red rings against a dark background.

video

Space exploration

What are you really seeing when you see magnificent images of space?

5 minutes

Deep space showing numerous galaxies, stars, and cosmic phenomena in varying colours, taken by the James Webb Space Telescope.

essay

Space exploration

Cosmic vision

By showing us a new cosmos, the discoveries of the James Webb Space Telescope will ripple through our moral universe

Claire Isabel Webb

A Martian landscape with a rover, rocky terrain, and distant mountains, with the foreground featuring rover equipment under a blue and yellow sky.

essay

Astronomy

Thriving on Mars

Dust storms, long distances and freezing temperatures make living on Mars magnificently challenging. How will we do it?

Simon Morden

A glowing black hole with a bright accretion disc in space, surrounded by stars and a distant planet against a dark, starry background.

essay

Cosmology

Cogitating black holes

The Universe cannot always be understood through observation. Instead, physicists explore by devising thought experiments

Michael Dine

A collage of various objects, animals, and clothes surrounding a large brain illustration on a black background.

video

Logic and probability

Is it more likely you’re a person with a past, or an ephemeral brain in a void?

6 minutes

Blurry, reddish-orange image of a glowing ring with a dark centre, set against a black background. Resembles a black hole’s visualisation.

essay

Cosmology

Dark horses in the cosmos

Could primordial black holes from the beginning of time explain ‘dark matter’, the mysterious missing mass in the Universe?

Briley Lewis

Two people enjoying a picnic on a blanket with assorted food and drinks, viewed from above with a 1-metre scale overlay.

video

Cosmology

Revisiting ‘Powers of Ten’ – what we’ve learned about the Universe since 1977

7 minutes

An observatory under a starry sky, with the Milky Way galaxy clearly visible above.

essay

Cosmology

The search for alien tech

There’s a new plan to find extraterrestrial civilisations by the way they live. But if we can see them, can they see us?

Corey S Powell

Illustration of a man with grey hair and arms crossed in front of full bookshelves.

video

Cosmology

Building ‘bigger and better’ has pushed cosmology forward. Can it take it any further?

7 minutes

Image of a star-filled night sky with galaxies and stars of various sizes and colours scattered on a dark background.

essay

Cosmology

A non-Standard model

Most cosmologists say dark matter must exist. So far, it’s nowhere to be found. A widely scorned rival theory explains why

David Merritt

Illustration of ‘Oumuamua, a cigar-shaped interstellar object, against a backdrop of distant stars in space.

essay

Astronomy

Contact

An alien-made artefact or just interstellar debris? What ʻOumuamua says about how science works when data is scarce

Matthew Bothwell

Photo of a person standing in the dark with a bright light on their head illuminating the night sky, houses visible in the distance.

essay

Physics

The cosmic chasm

Physics as we know it is elegant and exquisitely accurate. It tells almost nothing about the deepest riddles of the Universe

Pedro G Ferreira

An elderly man who is Roger Penrose wearing a tweed jacket and green jumper, gesturing with both hands in a room with shelves of books behind him.

video

Cosmology

A cyclical, forgetful Universe – Roger Penrose details an astonishing origin hypothesis

17 minutes

A starry night sky taken from space with Earth’s horizon and a thin atmospheric layer visible at the bottom.

essay

Cosmology

Big space

Our planet is a tiny porthole, looking over a cosmic sea. Can we learn what lies beyond our own horizons of perception?

Katie Mack

Astronomical photo of a detailed galaxy with numerous stars and a bright core at the bottom left. The background is mostly black.

essay

Astronomy

Does dark matter exist?

Dark matter is the most ubiquitous thing physicists have never found: it’s time to consider alternative explanations

Ramin Skibba

Abstract image with bright swirls and specks of light in pink, purple and black, resembling a cosmic or nebula scene.

video

Chemistry

As above, so below – an artist finds the cosmos in a microscopic chemical reaction

6 minutes

Painting of the planetary system with an eclipse of the Sun on the left and a crescent Moon on the right, showing stars and orbits.

essay

History of science

Naming the Universe

How the quick thinking of internationally minded astronomers avoided stamping the solar system with petty European rivalries

Stephen Case